2022_심화영어독해와작문

75 [Interview] Expert Insights: Population Growth and Disease Outbreaks Host: Good evening, everyone, and welcome to tonight’s special conversation. Today, we’re joined by Dr. Jones, an infectious disease expert, to discuss how population growth affects disease outbreaks. Dr. Jones, thank you for joining us. Dr. Jones: Thank you for having me. It’s a pleasure to be here. Host: Dr. Jones, could you explain how human activity in wildlife areas contributes to new diseases? Dr. Jones: Certainly. Recent outbreaks like COVID-19, Zika, Ebola, and West Nile have links to animals or insects before infecting humans. Urbanization and deforestation disrupt wildlife habitats, bringing people closer to animals and raising disease risks. For example, studies show that over 75% of emerging infectious diseases in humans come from animals. Host: That’s worrying. How does population growth worsen this problem? Dr. Jones: With nearly 8 billion people worldwide, urban expansion pushes into natural habitats. Living near wildlife increases the risk of disease spreading. Plus, crowded areas make social distancing harder, aiding disease transmission. Research also indicates that the global population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, further escalating these challenges. Host: What steps are needed to reduce future pandemics? Dr. Jones: We must preserve habitats and use land sustainably. Early detection, better health systems, and global cooperation are crucial. Education on wildlife risks and vaccinations can also help prevent outbreaks. Additionally, investing in research to understand how environmental changes impact disease transmission is vital for effective prevention strategies. Host: Thank you, Dr. Jones, for your insights into this vital issue. Dr. Jones: My pleasure. Let’s work together to keep communities safe from future pandemics. FACTORS INCREASING THE RISK OF DISEASE EMERGENCE POPULATION GROWTH CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBAL TRAVEL & TRADE PROXIMITY TO ANIMALS